Door-to-door canvassing is found to increase turnout not only in the person directly contacted by the canvassers. In two-member households, the uncontacted member of the households is also mobilized by GOTV canvassing.

Nonpartisan GOTV radio ads aired during mayoral elections in 28 cities are found to increase turnout and electoral competition.                                                      

Receiving an absentee ballot in the mail mobilizes absentee voters, but is not found to increase overall voter turnout.

Leaflets with GOTV messages and bilingual ballot awareness information in Spanish and English are not shown to be effective in mobilizing turnout.

Mass email GOTV messages in thirteen experiments exhibit negative effects on registration and turnout that are both substantively and statistically insignificant.

Robo calls with GOTV messages have a small, positive effect on turnout; election protection script robo calls are not effective in mobilizing voters.

Of three mobilization methods: robo calls, direct mail and phone calls, only live phone calls produce statistically significant mobilization effects among Latino voters.

Pre-election and post-election mailings that publicize neighbors' turnout records in an election are found to be effective in mobilizing voters. Social pressure to adhere to civic norms may resolve "paradox of participation."

In-language calls and English or bilingual direct mail are found to increase voter turnout among Asian Americans.

Three variations of identity-based direct mail are found to have little effect on turnout among Indian-Americans.